Various Classifications of Solenoid Valves

The solenoid valve is a control element that relies on the electromagnetic force generated by the solenoid coil to drive the valve to open/close the control fluid, and is one of the commonly used actuators in the pipeline control process. The solenoid valve is a magnetic attraction generated after the solenoid coil is energized to overcome the pressure of the spring and drive the valve core to act. It is a solenoid coil with a simple structure and low price. It can only be switched. The solenoid valve is mainly used for the switch control of liquid and gas pipelines. It is a two-position DO control, generally used for the control of small pipelines.

There are many kinds of solenoid valves, which can be divided into three categories in principle: direct acting solenoid valves, step-by-step direct acting solenoid valves, and pilot-operated solenoid valves. In general, the most commonly used are one-way valves, safety valves, directional control valves, speed control valves, etc. The following describes the characteristics of different types of solenoid valves.

Direct-acting solenoid valve

When the direct-acting solenoid valve is energized, the solenoid coil generates electromagnetic force to lift the closing element from the valve seat and open the valve; When the power is cut off, the electromagnetic force disappears, and the spring presses the closing element on the valve seat, and the valve closes.

Step direct acting solenoid valve

Step-by-step direct acting solenoid valve is a combination of direct acting and pilot operated principle. When there is no pressure difference between the inlet and outlet, the solenoid force will directly lift the pilot hole and the main valve piston upward in turn and open the valve after being energized. When the inlet and outlet reach the starting pressure difference, after power on, the electromagnetic force first opens the pilot hole, and the pressure in the upper chamber of the main valve piston drops, so that the pressure difference and electromagnetic force are used to pull the main piston, and the valve opens; When the power is cut off, the pilot hole is closed by spring return, the upper chamber of the main piston is pressurized, and the main piston is driven to move downward, and the valve is closed.

Pilot-operated solenoid valve

When the pilot solenoid valve is energized, the electromagnetic force opens the pilot hole, the pressure in the upper chamber of the main valve piston drops, forming a high-pressure difference between the upper chamber and the lower chamber of the main piston, the fluid pressure pushes the main piston to move, and the valve opens; When the power is cut off, the spring force closes the pilot hole, pressurizes the upper chamber of the main piston, and forms a pressure difference between the upper chamber and lower chamber of the main piston. Fluid pressure and spring force push the main piston downward to close the valve.

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